It's Time to Start Seed Saving

Now is the time to start saving seeds, when your garden is in full, beautiful bloom. I save zinnia, marigold, and green beans for seed swapping and growing next year. This year I am going to experiment with saving tomato seeds.

(Clockwise) Tomatoes, sunflower, zinnias, nasturtium

Saving Flower Seeds

I posted previously about this process. I am a voracious dead-header and I always have cut flowers in my house so I identify a few flowers that I am going to leave on the plant to completely dry up so I can collect the seeds. The larger the seed, the easier it is to save. If you have a favorite flower in the garden this year, consider saving seeds for next year. 

Saving Vegetable Seeds

I grow green and wax beans every year so I save seeds from the varieties I really like and/or grow well in my climate. If you want to save green beans, leave a few beans on the plant. You will see the pod dry up and the seeds will get very hard. That's when you can harvest the seeds for next year. Be sure to mark the container with the information you need for next spring. Side note: leave your green bean plants in the ground because they will add nitrogen to your soil.

This year I am going to experiment with saving tomato seeds from some of the heirloom varieties I am growing. I start all of my tomatoes, heirloom and hybrid, from seed. This year I have Abraham Lincoln, Thessaloniki, Brandywine Pink, Tula Black, Parks Whopper, Big Rainbow, Black Cherry, Large Red Cherry, and Red Pear. My source is seed swapping (watch for Seed Swap Day in your area, it's usually at the end of January) primarily. 

Apart from the Black Cherry, I have not gotten any ripe tomatoes yet this summer, but all of my plants have a lot of fruits and very few dead leaves that would indicate disease. Once they ripen they will be ready for seed saving - and eating! I did some research and there a couple of ways to save seeds from your tomatoes and I will share in a later post.

Note that saving hybrid seeds won't replicate the plant you have this year. According to The Spruce, "Seeds from hybrid tomatoes, while they may sprout and grow, often produce tomato plants that revert to one of the genetic parent plants, which can produce much different fruit than you're expecting."

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Saving seeds is easy but takes time and a bit of patience

Harvesting seeds for the spring

Seed saving saves money, provides you with extra seeds to share with other gardeners (watch for #seedswapday on January 29, 2022), and ensures that you can grow the same plants the next year. Like this summer, for example, there was a particularly beautiful yellow zinnia in my garden. Saving the seeds from that plant will allow me to grow that flower again next year. This whole process starts during the growing season.

This short video will illustrate how to recognize zinnia seeds on your dried flower blossoms.

How to start

Later in the summer in my flower beds and vegetable garden in Maryland, I intentionally keep a few flowers or vegetables on the living plants so I can save the seeds to use the next year. For example, I keep a good number of zinnia blooms on their plants so they can die and dry out on the plant. That is the important part because the seeds have to form. It is kind of ugly having dried up, crunchy flowers on a living plant, but it is really worthwhile.

And don’t wait until the very end of the season. I have had the experience of an unusually early hard frost that killed many of my plants before I had a chance to save any seeds!

Seed Saving Season

It’s fall in the Mid-Atlantic zone 7a, the temperature has dropped about 20 degrees in the past week, and for me this is the time to start saving seeds for my garden next year and for sharing with other gardeners and friends.

What to save

When I grow flowers that I really like, saving the seeds allows me to grow the plants again next year without spending money buying seeds over the winter. One flower I love growing are zinnias. They are really colorful in the yard, come in so many varieties, attract butterflies and make beautiful bouquets throughout the summer and early fall. They are really easy to direct sow in the spring. If you have a sunny spot in your yard, give zinnias a try!

This year I tried four new varieties-Button box, Green Envy, State Fair and Benary’s giant purple.

Clockwise: Green Envy zinnia, Benary's giant purple zinnia, state fair zinnia, marigold 

I keep it simple. Zinnia and marigold seeds are really easy to harvest because the seeds are so large. If you have a flower in your yard that you love, do some research to learn the best way to harvest the seeds for next season. Some flowers have really tiny seeds that take a little more care to harvest, but it’s worth trying if it’s a plant you really like.

How to harvest seeds

In order to harvest flower seeds, you have to let the flower die on the plant. I know, it’s kind of ugly, especially in the middle of the summer then the zinnias and marigold are looking their best, bursting with new flowers. That is why I wait until this time of year, when the plants are starting to get leggy and are starting to die. Let the flowers die on the plant until they are completely dried out and crunchy. It has been really rainy here so I have left the flowers on the plants for them to completely dry out. You don’t want mold growing on the seeds.

Here is a short video I made with the basics of saving zinnia and marigold seeds.

Sometimes the birds will eat the flower petals, see the photos, but I am okay with that. I am happy to be a food source for the goldfinches – they LOVE zinnia flower petals. I see them all summer flitting in and out of the beds.

A warning, though; if you have an unexpected hard frost that kills the plants, your seed-saving will be impacted. This happened to me last year. The flowers were zapped overnight by frost so they did not have a chance to die naturally and develop seeds. This spring I only had a handful of zinnia seeds available.

Storing and sharing

Be careful to mark the seeds you are saving and keep them separated. I have many varieties of zinnias this year. When the flowers are dead, it can be hard to tell what is what. And the seeds all look exactly the same! One year, I left the some trays holding the seeds out on the patio and stiff wind came up and blow they all over the place. Second lesson learned – bring the dead flower pods inside.

There is Still a lot of Summer Left

Finally some tomatoes are developing on the Brandywine plants. It was all blossom-drop-all-of-the-time in July. According the to the University of Maryland Extension, it can be caused by heat which

we had a lot of in July here in D.C. The cherry tomato plant is slow this year, not flowering as much as previous years. There is still a lot of summer left in the mid-Atlantic and I am hopeful to get a good crop of tomatoes this year.

The green beans, and hopefully some wax beans, are starting to come in now. I should have enough for dinner later in the week!

Sadly the Cinderella pumpkin, or whatever that plant is, has not survived. I think it was the dreaded squash vine borer that killed it. A few weeks ago I bravely dug one of the buggers out and was so proud of myself. The plant perked up again and I thought all was well. But then the leaves started yellowing again, and I got busy at work, getting home after dark, and did not dig around for more worms. Plus, if I did get a fruit now, in mid-August would it even have time to ripen? I give up!

I was away last week so I was excited to get home and see how everything had grown. The zinnias do not disappoint again this year. They have filled in beautifully in their bed and I will have cut flowers for another two months. This is mix of Parks and Thumbelina.

Garden Progress in Mid-July

It has been very hot and humid in the Washington, D.C. area lately, and there has been wonderful rain over the past few days.  Everybody is happy in the garden because they aren't parched-at least for a few days.

Clockwise: Parks Mix zinnia are super cut flowers; funky fresh carrots taste so good; pumpkin; stuttgarter onions are getting picked as the leaves dry out, really great flavor.

S.L.O.W. Tomatoes
A few weeks ago I noticed that my tomato plants were growing very slowly. Fish fertilizer was recommended so I gave it try. Here are after and before photos and the Brandywine has grown a lot with the fertilizer, probably doubled in size. The other tomatoes have grown, too, but not as much as this one. It has started flowering, too, so I am still hopeful that this guy will produce.

Left: Taken July 23 after using fish fertilizer. Right: Taken July 3 before using fish fertilizer.

Are these plants really pumpkins?
I have been documenting my experiment this year to grow pumpkins for the first time. I was able to get two types of seeds at a seed swap this winter-Jacky's and Cinderella. Two Cinderella plants and one Jacky's plant were transplanted early this spring. The Cinderella plants took off (pictured top), growing like mad with long, winding vines, while Jacky's (pictured below) is healthy but much more contained and no vines.

Then Cinderella produced some little fruits that have since all died. I read that it could be that they were pollinated sufficiently. And looking at some photos again, the little pumpkins were not round but kind of flat in the bottom-see the photos below. So I am thinking that the Cinderella plants are not pumpkins after all because of how differently they are growing as compared to Jacky's and the way the fruits looked on the vine. Anybody have any ideas about this?

Are these really little pumpkins or some kind of squash?